避孕黄体酮的临床资料。
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Benagiano G, Primiero调频,法里斯M
避孕黄体酮的临床资料。
欧元J使避孕医疗保健。2004年9月,9 (3):182 - 93。
- PubMed ID
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15697108 (在PubMed]
- 文摘
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孕激素这一术语被广泛用来指示代理的一般类,包括孕酮及其合成类似物,而黄体酮术语仅涉及合成孕激素。黄体酮的发展主要的方式影响了搜索的口服激素类避孕药,因为激素避孕很可能将继续使用黄体酮,唯一可能的选择是由antiprogestins的利用率。必威国际app合成孕激素在临床使用现在属于三个主要化学家庭:孕酮衍生品(孕酮、retro-progesterone 19-norprogesterone和17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone);甾烷和19-nortestosterone衍生品(norethisterone levonorgestrel,去氧孕二烯酮,norgestimate);螺内酯衍生物。孕激素的生物学效能变化根据端点测量,通常抑制排卵和子宫内膜转换;这些测试,最活跃的化合物都是甾烷衍生物,与效能的天然激素的100倍。足够的剂量时,孕酮抑制生育通过抑制排卵。这个动作主要是施加在下丘脑水平,生理上,孕酮减少LH脉冲的数量。孕激素直接交付到子宫腔时,他们的行动似乎是纯粹的地方。 It has been amply proven that--even when administered in doses that do not constantly inhibit ovulation--a progestin can still remain effective as a contraceptive by acting at the level of the cervical mucus and, at least in part, of the endometrium. Progestogens utilized today differ largely in their pharmacokinetics. In general, after intake, these compounds are rapidly absorbed and distributed so that peak serum concentrations are reached between 1 and 4 h. Third-generation progestins (desogestrel, gestodene, norgestimate) have common characteristics: a higher affinity for progesterone receptors than their predecessors, a lower affinity for androgen receptors, a higher selectivity of action, a higher central inhibitory activity, a higher potency at the level of the endometrium, and an overall metabolic neutrality, in terms of effects on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. In general, progestins can induce two types of adverse effects: changes in lipid metabolism and bleeding irregularities. Whereas the newer compounds seem to have overcome the first of these adverse effects, the second remains untouched: to this day, proper cycle control can only be achieved with combined hormonal contraceptives.