经典和非典型抗神经药物对大鼠肝脏微粒体中咖啡因氧化的影响。
文章的细节
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引用
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Daniel WA, Kot M, Wojcikowski J
经典和非典型抗神经药物对大鼠肝脏微粒体中咖啡因氧化的影响。
中国药理学杂志。2003 11 - 12;55(6):1055-61。
- PubMed ID
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14730101 (查看PubMed]
- 摘要
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咖啡因是测试人类和大鼠体内CYP1A2 (3- n -去甲基化)活性的标志药物。此外,CYP3A似乎是其代谢(8-羟基化)所必需的。在咖啡因的1-N,特别是7- n去甲基化过程中,除了CYP1A2,其他cypp同工酶也发挥了相当大的作用,可能是CYP2B和/或CYP2E1。本研究的目的是研究两种经典的神经抑制剂(丙嗪和氟哌啶醇)和两种非典型的神经抑制剂(利培酮和塞尔丁多)对大鼠肝微粒体中通过咖啡因氧化测定的细胞色素P-450活性的影响。结果表明,丙嗪是一种化学结构最简单的吩噻嗪类神经抑制剂,通过竞争或混合机制显著抑制咖啡因的1-N和3- n去甲基化和8-羟基化(Ki分别为21.8、25.4和58.2 microM)。这表明丙嗪对CYP1A2(抑制3-N和1- n去甲基化)和CYP3A2(可能抑制8-羟基化)有抑制作用,但对参与咖啡因7- n去甲基化的其他CYP同工酶(如CYP2B2和/或CYP2E1)没有抑制作用。与丙嗪相比,氟哌啶醇对体外代谢模型中咖啡因的氧化反应无影响。利培酮和塞尔丁多对咖啡因氧化的抑制作用类似氟哌啶醇,而不是丙嗪。利培酮对3- n去甲基化和8-羟基化(Ki = 202.5 microM)的抑制作用很弱,对咖啡因的1-N和7- n去甲基化没有影响。Sertindole对标记物质的1-N、7- n去甲基化和8-羟基化途径的抑制效果很差(Ki分别为132.1、434.1和173.3 microM); even the observed in vitro inhibition of 3-N-demethylation of caffeine by sertindole (Ki = 68.9 microM) cannot be of practical significance in vivo, considering extremely low pharmacological and therapeutic doses of the neuroleptic. In summary, among the investigated neuroleptics, only promazine showed significant inhibitory activity towards caffeine metabolism in vitro (inhibition of CYP1A2 and possibly CYP3A), which may be of pharmacological and clinical importance in vivo. In contrast to promazine, haloperidol and the investigated atypical neuroleptics had no or very weak effect on caffeine oxidation in vitro,of no in vivo significance. Considering the results of the present and previous studies, it seems highly likely that promazine may cause pharmacokinetic interactions, while atypical neuroleptics seem to be safe in this respect. Moreover, the observed reaction-dependent effects of promazine and sertindole provide indirect evidence that CYP1A2 is not the only isoenzyme important for the metabolism of caffeine, which requires further pharmacological and clinical consideration.
引用本文的药库数据
- 药物酶
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药物 酶 种类 生物 药理作用 行动 丙嗪 细胞色素P450 1A2 蛋白质 人类 未知的底物抑制剂细节